Food of Indonesia

Spread across thousands of islands, Indonesian food ranges from the rich, coconut-based curries of Sumatra to the sweet, soy-glazed dishes of Java and the fiery sambals of Bali and Sulawesi. Rice is the heart of the meal, with spice pastes, grilled meats, tempeh, tofu, and fresh vegetables around it. Dishes are served together and shared, and a good sambal is always on the table.

Nasi goreng
National dish

Nasi goreng

Fried rice with sweet soy sauce, shallots, and chili, topped with a fried egg.

How to make Nasi goreng

Staples

  • rice, coconut, tempeh, tofu, chicken, fish, noodles, sweet potato, cassava

Signature flavors

  • chili, shallots, garlic, lemongrass, galangal, turmeric, tamarind, kecap manis, peanuts, palm sugar

Main dishes

Nasi goreng
Nasi goreng

Fried rice with sweet soy sauce, shallots, and chili, topped with a fried egg.

Key ingredients: rice, kecap manis, shallots, eggFull guide →
Rendang
Rendang

Beef slow-cooked in coconut milk and spices until dark and tender.

Key ingredients: beef, coconut milk, chili, lemongrassFull guide →
Ayam goreng
Ayam goreng

Spiced fried chicken, often served with crisp fried bits of spice-flavored coating.

Key ingredients: chicken, turmeric, coriander, garlic
Ayam bakar

Grilled chicken brushed with sweet soy and spice paste.

Key ingredients: chicken, kecap manis, garlic, chili
Nasi padang
Nasi padang

A Sumatran meal of steamed rice with many small dishes like curry, rendang, and greens.

Key ingredients: rice, rendang, curries, sambal
Mie goreng
Mie goreng

Stir-fried noodles with sweet soy sauce, vegetables, and egg.

Key ingredients: noodles, kecap manis, cabbage, egg
Gulai
Gulai

Rich, spiced coconut curries of Sumatra with meat, fish, or vegetables.

Key ingredients: coconut milk, turmeric, lemongrass, chili
Ikan bakar

Whole fish grilled over coals and served with sambal.

Key ingredients: whole fish, lime, sambal
Opor ayam
Opor ayam

Mild chicken braised in a white coconut milk sauce with lemongrass and galangal.

Key ingredients: chicken, coconut milk, galangal, candlenut
Semur

Beef or tofu stewed in sweet soy sauce with nutmeg and cloves.

Key ingredients: beef, kecap manis, nutmeg
Pepes ikan
Pepes ikan

Fish marinated in spices and steamed in banana leaf parcels.

Key ingredients: fish, banana leaf, chili, lemongrass
Bebek betutu
Bebek betutu

Balinese slow-cooked duck with rich spice paste.

Key ingredients: duck, spice paste, banana leaf
Babi guling
Babi guling

Balinese roast suckling pig with spice stuffing, eaten with rice and laab.

Key ingredients: pork, turmeric, lemongrass
Sate
Sate

Marinated grilled meat skewers with peanut sauce.

Key ingredients: chicken, peanuts, kecap manisFull guide →
Tempeh goreng
Tempeh goreng

Fried tempeh, crisp outside and nutty inside.

Key ingredients: tempeh, garlic, coriander
Sayur lodeh
Sayur lodeh

Vegetable stew in coconut milk with tempeh and chili.

Key ingredients: vegetables, coconut milk, tofu

Breakfast

Bubur ayam
Bubur ayam

Savory rice porridge topped with shredded chicken, fried shallots, and crackers.

Key ingredients: rice, chicken, scallions, soy sauce
Nasi uduk
Nasi uduk

Coconut rice with fried chicken, tempeh, and sambal.

Key ingredients: rice, coconut milk, lemongrass
Nasi kuning
Nasi kuning

Turmeric rice served at celebrations with side dishes.

Key ingredients: rice, turmeric, coconut milk
Lontong sayur
Lontong sayur

Compressed rice cakes in vegetable coconut curry.

Key ingredients: rice cake, coconut milk, vegetables
Gudeg
Gudeg

Young jackfruit stewed with palm sugar and coconut milk, a Yogyakarta specialty.

Key ingredients: jackfruit, palm sugar, coconut milk

Street food

Satay
Satay

Charcoal-grilled skewers with peanut sauce and rice cakes.

Key ingredients: chicken, peanuts, kecap manisFull guide →
Martabak manis
Martabak manis

Thick sweet pancake with chocolate, peanuts, and condensed milk.

Key ingredients: flour, sugar, chocolate, peanuts
Martabak telur
Martabak telur

Savory stuffed pancake with egg and minced meat.

Key ingredients: egg, minced beef, scallion
Bakso
Bakso

Meatballs in clear broth with noodles and fried shallots.

Key ingredients: beef, tapioca, noodles
Siomay
Siomay

Steamed fish dumplings with peanut sauce.

Key ingredients: fish, tapioca, peanut sauce
Pisang goreng
Pisang goreng

Fried banana fritters, crisp and golden.

Key ingredients: banana, flour, sugar
Batagor
Batagor

Fried fish dumplings with peanut sauce.

Key ingredients: fish, tofu, peanut sauce
Perkedel
Perkedel

Fried potato and corn fritters.

Key ingredients: potato, corn, scallion
Es teler
Es teler

Cold shaved ice dessert with avocado, jackfruit, and coconut.

Key ingredients: avocado, coconut, jackfruit

Soups

Soto
Soto

Turmeric chicken or beef soup with herbs and rice.

Key ingredients: chicken, turmeric, lemongrassFull guide →
Soto betawi

Jakarta-style creamy beef soup with coconut milk.

Key ingredients: beef, coconut milk, spices
Rawon
Rawon

East Javan black beef soup from keluak nuts.

Key ingredients: beef, keluak, lemongrass
Sup buntut
Sup buntut

Oxtail soup with vegetables and fried shallots.

Key ingredients: oxtail, carrots, potatoes
Sayur asem
Sayur asem

Tangy tamarind vegetable soup with peanuts and corn.

Key ingredients: tamarind, corn, long beans
Pempek
Pempek

Fish cakes served in a sour sweet sauce from Palembang.

Key ingredients: fish, tapioca, vinegar sauce

Salads

Gado-gado
Gado-gado

Vegetable salad with peanut sauce, egg, and tofu.

Key ingredients: vegetables, peanut sauce, eggFull guide →
Pecel
Pecel

Javanese salad with spicy peanut sauce.

Key ingredients: blanched greens, peanut sauce
Urap
Urap

Steamed vegetables with spiced grated coconut.

Key ingredients: vegetables, coconut, chili
Karedok
Karedok

Raw vegetable salad with peanut dressing from West Java.

Key ingredients: long beans, cucumber, peanut sauce
Rujak
Rujak

Fruit salad with spicy palm sugar and tamarind sauce.

Key ingredients: green mango, pineapple, chili, palm sugar

Breads

Roti bakar

Toasted bread with chocolate, cheese, or condensed milk.

Key ingredients: bread, butter
Roti john
Roti john

Baguette omelet sandwich with minced meat.

Key ingredients: baguette, egg, onion
Kue pukis

Soft waffle-style cakes made with coconut milk.

Key ingredients: flour, coconut milk, sugar

Desserts and sweets

Lapis legit
Lapis legit

Rich spice layer cake of butter and eggs.

Key ingredients: butter, eggs, cinnamonFull guide →
Klepon
Klepon

Chewy rice balls with palm sugar centers rolled in coconut.

Key ingredients: glutinous rice flour, palm sugar, coconut
Dadar gulung

Green pandan crepes rolled around sweet coconut filling.

Key ingredients: pandan, coconut, palm sugar
Cendol
Cendol

Green jelly noodles with coconut milk and palm syrup.

Key ingredients: pandan jelly, coconut milk, palm sugarFull guide →
Bubur sumsum

Rice flour pudding with palm sugar sauce.

Key ingredients: rice flour, coconut milk
Es campur
Es campur

Shaved ice with fruit, jelly, and syrup.

Key ingredients: ice, jelly, fruit, syrup
Onde-onde

Fried sesame balls with sweet mung bean filling.

Key ingredients: mung bean, glutinous rice, sesame
Kue cubit

Mini pancakes cooked in a special pan.

Key ingredients: flour, egg, sugar

Drinks

Es teh manis

Sweet iced tea, the everyday drink.

Key ingredients: tea, sugar, ice
Kopi tubruk
Kopi tubruk

Strong coffee brewed with grounds and sugar.

Key ingredients: coffee, sugar
Es kelapa muda

Young coconut water with the soft meat.

Key ingredients: young coconut
Jamu

Traditional herbal drink with turmeric, ginger, and tamarind.

Key ingredients: turmeric, ginger, tamarind
Bandrek
Bandrek

Hot ginger and palm sugar drink from West Java.

Key ingredients: ginger, palm sugar
Es cincau

Grass jelly drink with syrup and coconut milk.

Key ingredients: grass jelly, syrup
Kopi luwak
Kopi luwak

A rare, expensive coffee variety.

Key ingredients: coffee

Fruits and produce

Durian
Durian

Large spiky fruit with creamy, pungent flesh.

Key ingredients: eaten fresh, in dessertsFull guide →
Mangosteen
Mangosteen

Sweet, floral fruit with a purple rind.

Key ingredients: eaten freshFull guide →
Rambutan
Rambutan

Red hairy fruit with juicy flesh.

Key ingredients: eaten freshFull guide →
Salak
Salak

Snake fruit with scaly skin and crisp, sweet-tart flesh.

Key ingredients: eaten fresh, in pickles
Jackfruit
Jackfruit

Large fruit, sweet when ripe, used young in curries.

Key ingredients: eaten fresh, in gudegFull guide →
Coconut
Coconut

The staple of cooking, for milk, flesh, and water.

Key ingredients: milk, waterFull guide →
Mango
Mango

Sweet orange fruit; green mango is used in rujak.

Key ingredients: eaten freshFull guide →
Pineapple
Pineapple

Sweet-tangy fruit used in salads and sauces.

Key ingredients: eaten freshFull guide →
Banana
Banana

Many varieties, eaten fresh or fried.

Key ingredients: eaten fresh, friedFull guide →

Dish guides from Indonesia

Explore Indonesia on Geographical EffectMaps, capital and cities, population, climate, landscapes and landmarks.

More cuisines of South-Eastern Asia

About this page

Descriptions written by Intercontinental Chef. Dishes are listed as commonly eaten today; many are shared across neighbouring countries.

Photo credits
  • Nasi Goreng Kampung (11967588375): shankar s. from Dubai, united arab emirates, CC BY 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Rendang daging sapi asli Padang: Midori, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Ayam goreng in Jakarta: Midori, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Nasi Padang Pak Nurdin: D.W. Fisher-Freberg, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Mi Goreng GM: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Gulai ayam3: Sonia, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Opor Ayam Telur Pindang: Sakurai Midori, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Pepes ikan emas (pais lauk mas) Sunda: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Bebek Betutu: The man from Gianyar, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Panggang 1: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Sate Udang: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Tempeh (8681605421): Veganbaking.net from USA, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Lodeh: iNews, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Bubur ayam chicken porridge: Sakurai Midori, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Nasi uduk netherlands: Takeaway, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Nasi Kuning Ibu Sulastri: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Lontong sayur without spoon: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Nasi Gudeg: christian razukas from Honolulu, Hawaii, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Murtabak: Mojackjutaily, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Bakso mi bihun: christian r from Singapore, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Siomay Udang Glodok: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Banana Fritters and tea: Iloveporotta, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Batagor Savoy Homann Bandung: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Perkedel kentang tanpa daging: Midori, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Es Teller 77: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Soto Ayam Savoy Homann Hotel: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Rawon Setan II: christian razukas from Honolulu, Hawaii, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Oxtail soup with sliced bread-93321: Raimond Spekking, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Sayur asem vegetable soup: Sakurai Midori, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Pempek Kuah Cuko: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Gado gado jakarta: Piknikdong, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Pecel Hariadhi: Hariadhi, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Urap: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Karedok in Ubud 1: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Rujak Buah (Indonesian Fruit Salad): Sofiah Budiastuti, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Roti John - served: stef yau from Seattle, USA, CC BY 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Spekkoek naturel en pandan: Pudding4brains, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Klepon Khas Tulungagung: Robijuniarta, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Kampung Paya Jaras Tengah, Selangor 20250112 111330: Wiki Farazi, CC0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Es Campur 2: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Javanese Kopi Tubruk: Gunawan Kartapranata, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Bandrek Bandung: Midori, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Kopi luwak 090910-0075 lamb: Wibowo Djatmiko (Wie146), CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Durian in black: مانفی, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Berthe Hoola van Nooten48: Berthe Hoola van Nooten (1817-1892), Pieter De Pannemaeker (lithographer), Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Buds on branch of rambutan tree: DXLINH, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Salak (Salacca zalacca), 2015-05-17: Crisco 1492, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • The jackfruit is holding on to the tree: This work was made by Tushar Hossain and released under the license(s) stated below. Please feel free to use it for any, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Cocos nucifera - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-187: Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Mangos - single and halved: Ivar Leidus, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • കൈതച്ചക്ക: Suniltg at Malayalam Wikipedia, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • 14-QWSTION-BANANATEX-STRIPPING-LAUSCHSICHT: BANANATEX, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)