Food of Egypt

Egyptian cooking is generous, affordable and rooted in beans, rice, bread and vegetables, with garlic, cumin and coriander as everyday flavors. Street food like koshari, ful and ta'amiya feeds the cities, while homes make stuffed vegetables, molokhia and roasted pigeon for family tables. Sweets are rich with syrup, nuts and milk.

Koshari
National dish

Koshari

Rice, lentils, macaroni and chickpeas with spicy tomato sauce and fried onions.

How to make Koshari

Staples

  • fava beans
  • rice
  • lentils
  • wheat
  • chickpeas
  • eggplant
  • onions
  • fish
  • pigeon
  • okra

Signature flavors

  • cumin
  • coriander
  • garlic
  • dill
  • mint
  • cinnamon
  • vinegar
  • sesame

Main dishes

Koshari
Koshari

Rice, lentils, macaroni and chickpeas with spicy tomato sauce and fried onions.

Key ingredients: rice, lentils, macaroni, tomato sauce, onionsFull guide →
Molokhia
Molokhia

Jute mallow soup with garlic and coriander over rice.

Key ingredients: molokhia leaves, garlic, coriander, chicken brothFull guide →
Mahshi
Mahshi

Vegetables such as zucchini, peppers and grape leaves stuffed with herbed rice.

Key ingredients: rice, herbs, tomato, zucchini, peppers
Fattah
Fattah

Layers of crisp bread, rice and meat with garlic-vinegar sauce.

Key ingredients: bread, rice, lamb, garlic, vinegar
Hawawshi
Hawawshi

Spiced minced meat baked inside pita bread.

Key ingredients: ground beef, onion, pita, pepper
Kofta
Kofta

Grilled spiced meat skewers.

Key ingredients: ground beef, onion, parsley, cumin
Roasted pigeon
Roasted pigeon

Pigeon stuffed with freekeh or rice and roasted.

Key ingredients: pigeon, freekeh, onion, butter
Sayadeya

Caramelized onion rice with fried white fish.

Key ingredients: fish, rice, onion, cumin
Okra stew
Okra stew

Okra and tomato stew with lamb.

Key ingredients: okra, tomato, lamb, garlic
Macarona bechamel
Macarona bechamel

Baked pasta layered with spiced meat and bechamel.

Key ingredients: macaroni, ground meat, bechamel
Kebda eskandarani
Kebda eskandarani

Alexandrian liver with peppers, garlic and cumin.

Key ingredients: beef liver, garlic, pepper, cumin

Breakfast

Ful medames
Ful medames

Slow-cooked fava beans with oil, lemon and cumin.

Key ingredients: fava beans, olive oil, lemon, cuminFull guide →
Ta'amiya
Ta'amiya

Fava bean falafel, green inside, with tahini.

Key ingredients: fava beans, dill, coriander, sesameFull guide →
Shakshuka
Shakshuka

Eggs in spiced tomato sauce.

Key ingredients: eggs, tomato, onion, pepperFull guide →

Street food

Falafel
Falafel

Crisp fritters in bread.

Key ingredients: fava beans, herbs, sesameFull guide →
Shawarma
Shawarma

Meat roasted on a spit in bread.

Key ingredients: beef or chicken, tahini, picklesFull guide →
Roasted sweet potato
Roasted sweet potato

Roasted in street ovens in winter.

Key ingredients: sweet potato
Fiteer meshaltet
Fiteer meshaltet

Layered flaky pastry with sweet or savory fillings.

Key ingredients: dough, ghee, cheese, honey
Sugarcane juice
Sugarcane juice

Fresh pressed from stalks.

Key ingredients: sugarcane, lemon

Soups

Lentil soup
Lentil soup

Smooth yellow soup with cumin and lemon.

Key ingredients: lentils, onion, cumin, lemon
Fish soup
Fish soup

Red Sea style with tomato and herbs.

Key ingredients: fish, tomato, garlic

Salads

Tomato salad
Tomato salad

Tomato with onion, parsley and lemon.

Key ingredients: tomato, onion, parsley, lemon
Baba ghanoush
Baba ghanoush

Smoky eggplant dip.

Key ingredients: eggplant, tahini, lemonFull guide →
Tahini salad
Tahini salad

Tahini whisked with lemon and garlic into a sauce for bread.

Key ingredients: tahini, lemon, garlic
Bessara
Bessara

Green fava bean dip with herbs.

Key ingredients: fava beans, herbs, garlic
Torshi
Torshi

Mixed pickled vegetables.

Key ingredients: turnip, carrot, vinegar, beet

Breads

Eish baladi
Eish baladi

Whole wheat flatbread.

Key ingredients: flour, yeast
Eish fino

Light, crusty rolls for sandwiches.

Key ingredients: flour, yeast

Desserts and sweets

Basbousa
Basbousa

Semolina cake in syrup.

Key ingredients: semolina, coconut, syrupFull guide →
Umm Ali
Umm Ali

Bread pudding with nuts, milk and cream.

Key ingredients: puff pastry, milk, nuts, raisinsFull guide →
Kunafa
Kunafa

Shredded pastry with cream or nuts and syrup.

Key ingredients: kataifi, cream, nuts, syrupFull guide →
Rice pudding
Rice pudding

Creamy and lightly sweet, sprinkled with cinnamon.

Key ingredients: rice, milk, sugar
Qatayef
Qatayef

Stuffed pancakes with cream or nuts.

Key ingredients: batter, cream, nuts, syrup

Drinks

Karkade
Karkade

Cold or hot drink of dried hibiscus flowers.

Key ingredients: hibiscus, sugar, water
Sahlab
Sahlab

A warm milk drink topped with nuts and coconut.

Key ingredients: milk, sahlab, nuts, coconut
Sobia
Sobia

Chilled coconut and milk drink.

Key ingredients: coconut, milk, sugar
Tamarhindi
Tamarhindi

Sweet and sour tamarind drink.

Key ingredients: tamarind, sugar, water
Egyptian tea
Egyptian tea

Strong black tea with mint.

Key ingredients: black tea, mint, sugar
Sugarcane juice
Sugarcane juice

Sweet, grassy and cold.

Key ingredients: sugarcane

Fruits and produce

Dates
Dates

Siwa and Aswan dates, soft and sweet.

Key ingredients: snacks, with milk, pastriesFull guide →
Mangoes
Mangoes

Sweet summer mangoes from Ismailia.

Key ingredients: fresh, juice, ice cream
Watermelon
Watermelon

Summer melons.

Key ingredients: chilled, with cheeseFull guide →
Pomegranates
Pomegranates

Sweet-tart seeds and juice.

Key ingredients: juice, salads
Oranges
Oranges

Navel oranges from the Delta, fresh or squeezed.

Key ingredients: juice, fresh
Figs
Figs

Fresh and dried.

Key ingredients: fresh, jamFull guide →
Guava
Guava

Fragrant autumn fruit.

Key ingredients: fresh, juice
Molokhia leaves
Molokhia leaves

The jute mallow leaf cooked into soup.

Key ingredients: soup, stews

Dish guides from Egypt

Explore Egypt on Geographical EffectMaps, capital and cities, population, climate, landscapes and landmarks.

More cuisines of Northern Africa

About this page

Descriptions written by Intercontinental Chef. Dishes are listed as commonly eaten today; many are shared across neighbouring countries.

Photo credits
  • Egyptian food Koshary: Dina Said, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Molokheya Egypt, 2012: Habib M'henni, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Speca te mbushura me mish: Violetamyftari, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • فتّة باللوز و السّمن: Eaeeae, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Egyptian meatloaf: Mkevy, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Koofteh tabrizi: Fabienkhan, CC BY-SA 2.5 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Treron vernans male - Kent Ridge Park: JJ Harrison (https://tiny.jjharrison.com.au/t/3rUZckpXLJTJuAko), CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Bamia-Ocras tomate (cropped): Tamorlan, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Pastitsio homemade: Sam Bailey, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Anatomy Abdomen Tiesworks: Tvanbr, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Ful medames: Zachbe at en.wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Falafels 2: Popo le Chien, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Shakshuka by Calliopejen1: Calliopejen1, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Shawarma 2: Vis M, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Ipomoea batatas 006: Llez, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Egyptian-food-16: Mohamed Ouda, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Sugarcanejuice: Food Trails, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • EgFoodLentilSoup: Roland Unger, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Quail 07 bg 041506: Jon SullivanThe original uploader was Y6y6y6 at English Wikipedia., Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • A large mixed salad: Gatorfan252525, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Baba Ganoush 05of05 (8735238183): Breville USA, CC BY 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Tahina: Gilabrand, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Bissara Moroccan split pea and fava bean soup: Ruby Josephine Smith, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Gherkins and Onions: Liz Sullivan, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Bread mohanad: Mohanad5ayman, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Basboosa: stu_spivack, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Umm Ali: Miansari66, CC0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Künefe: elif ayse, CC BY 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Kheer with condensed milk.: Shivangisj, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • قطايف عصافيري2: عباد ديرانية, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Hibiscus tea: Emna Mizouni, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Salep drink: DesignbyNur, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Abuouf sobia: Turnopoems, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Tamarindus indica pods: B.navez, CC BY 2.5 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Longjing tea steeping in gaiwan: Difference engine, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Dates005: Nepenthes, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Mangos - single and halved: Ivar Leidus, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Taiwan 2009 Tainan City Organic Farm Watermelon FRD 7962: Fred Hsu (Wikipedia:User:Fred Hsu on en.wikipedia), CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Pomegranate Juice (2019): Augustus Binu : flickr, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Oranges - whole-halved-segment: Ivar Leidus, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Ficus carica L, 1771: Trew, C.J, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Guava pink fruit: Ivar Leidus, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Corchorus olitorius (2): Prenn, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)