Food of Pakistan

Pakistani cooking is hearty and generously spiced, with slow-cooked meat curries, tandoor-baked breads and fragrant rice at its heart. Punjab brings buttery lentils, grilled meats and lassi, Sindh and Karachi add fiery seafood and biryani, while Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan are known for simple roasted meats and rich pilafs. Meals are shared from big platters, and sweet milk tea and syrupy desserts finish most gatherings.

Biryani
National dish

Biryani

Layered spiced rice with marinated meat, especially popular in Karachi with potatoes and plums.

How to make Biryani

Staples

  • wheat
  • rice
  • lamb
  • beef
  • chicken
  • lentils
  • yogurt
  • ghee
  • chickpeas

Signature flavors

  • cumin
  • coriander
  • garam masala
  • red chili
  • ginger
  • garlic
  • cardamom
  • turmeric

Main dishes

Biryani
Biryani

Layered spiced rice with marinated meat, especially popular in Karachi with potatoes and plums.

Key ingredients: basmati rice, chicken or beef, yogurt, fried onion, biryani masala, potatoFull guide →
Nihari
Nihari

Slow-cooked beef or lamb stew with a silky, spiced gravy, served with naan at breakfast or brunch.

Key ingredients: beef shank, wheat flour, ginger, nihari masala, ghee, naanFull guide →
Haleem
Haleem

A thick porridge of wheat, lentils and shredded meat, topped with fried onions and lemon.

Key ingredients: wheat, lentils, beef or chicken, ginger, fried onion, lemonFull guide →
Korma
Korma

A rich yogurt-and-onion braise of meat with warm spices.

Key ingredients: lamb or chicken, yogurt, fried onion, ginger, cardamom, gheeFull guide →
Kofta
Kofta

Spiced meatballs simmered in tomato-onion curry.

Key ingredients: ground beef, onion, tomato, ginger, garam masalaFull guide →
Chapli kebab
Chapli kebab

Flat, crisp-edged beef patties from Peshawar with tomato, coriander and pomegranate seeds.

Key ingredients: ground beef, tomato, coriander seeds, pomegranate seeds, green chili, eggFull guide →

Breakfast

Halwa puri
Halwa puri

Puffy fried bread with semolina halwa, chickpea curry and potato.

Key ingredients: puri, semolina, chickpeas, potato, sugar, ghee
Paratha
Paratha

Layered griddle bread eaten with omelet, yogurt or tea.

Key ingredients: wheat flour, ghee, eggs, yogurtFull guide →
Siri paya

Slow-cooked trotter curry with naan.

Key ingredients: trotters, onion, ginger, spices, naan
Anda paratha
Anda paratha

Paratha stuffed or served with spiced egg.

Key ingredients: wheat flour, eggs, onion, green chili
Lassi and chana breakfast
Lassi and chana breakfast

A thick yogurt drink with chickpeas in Lahore.

Key ingredients: yogurt, chickpeas, spices, bread

Street food

Samosa
Samosa

Crisp triangular pastry with spiced potato or meat filling.

Key ingredients: flour, potato, peas, spices, oilFull guide →
Pani puri
Pani puri

Crunchy shells filled with spiced water and chickpeas, called golgappa.

Key ingredients: puri, chickpeas, tamarind, mint, potatoFull guide →
Chana chaat
Chana chaat

Spiced chickpea salad with yogurt and chutneys.

Key ingredients: chickpeas, yogurt, tamarind, onion, chaat masala
Dahi bhalla
Dahi bhalla

Soft lentil fritters in yogurt with chutneys.

Key ingredients: urad dal, yogurt, tamarind, cumin
Bun kabab
Bun kabab

Spiced patty in a soft bun with chutney, a Karachi classic.

Key ingredients: lentil or meat patty, bun, egg, onion, chutney

Soups

Yakhni
Yakhni

Light meat broth with whole spices.

Key ingredients: lamb or chicken, ginger, cinnamon, cumin, yogurt
Chicken corn soup

Silky corn and chicken soup with white pepper.

Key ingredients: chicken, corn, egg, white pepper

Salads

Kachumber salad
Kachumber salad

Chopped cucumber, tomato and onion with lemon.

Key ingredients: cucumber, tomato, onion, lemon, cilantroFull guide →
Raita
Raita

Yogurt with cucumber and mint.

Key ingredients: yogurt, cucumber, mint, cumin

Breads

Naan
Naan

Soft tandoor-baked bread.

Key ingredients: flour, yogurt, yeast, milkFull guide →
Roti
Roti

Everyday flatbread made from whole wheat.

Key ingredients: whole wheat flour, water
Kulcha
Kulcha

Soft leavened bread, plain or stuffed.

Key ingredients: flour, yogurt, baking soda, onion
Sheermal
Sheermal

Saffron-scented slightly sweet bread.

Key ingredients: flour, milk, saffron, ghee
Makki di roti
Makki di roti

Corn flatbread served with saag.

Key ingredients: corn flour, water, butter

Desserts and sweets

Gulab jamun
Gulab jamun

Syrup-soaked fried milk dumplings.

Key ingredients: milk powder, flour, sugar, cardamomFull guide →
Kheer
Kheer

Creamy rice pudding.

Key ingredients: rice, milk, sugar, cardamomFull guide →
Jalebi
Jalebi

Crisp fried spirals in sugar syrup.

Key ingredients: flour, yogurt, sugarFull guide →
Kulfi
Kulfi

Dense frozen milk dessert.

Key ingredients: milk, sugar, pistachio, cardamomFull guide →
Sheer khurma
Sheer khurma

Vermicelli simmered in milk with dates and nuts.

Key ingredients: vermicelli, milk, dates, nuts, cardamom

Drinks

Lassi
Lassi

Thick yogurt drink, sweet or salty.

Key ingredients: yogurt, sugar, waterFull guide →
Doodh patti chai
Doodh patti chai

Strong tea boiled with milk and sugar.

Key ingredients: black tea, milk, sugar, cardamom
Kashmiri chai
Kashmiri chai

Pink salted tea with milk, nuts and cardamom.

Key ingredients: green tea, baking soda, milk, pistachios, salt
Rooh Afza sharbat
Rooh Afza sharbat

Chilled rose-and-herb syrup drink.

Key ingredients: syrup, cold milk or water, ice
Sugarcane juice
Sugarcane juice

Fresh sugarcane juice.

Key ingredients: sugarcane, lime, ginger

Fruits and produce

Mango
Mango

Sindhri and Chaunsa mangoes are national treasures.

Key ingredients: fresh, mango lassi, milkshake, ice creamFull guide →
Kinnow
Kinnow

Juicy mandarin hybrid grown in Punjab.

Key ingredients: fresh, juice, chaat
Apricot
Apricot

Hunza's sun-dried apricots.

Key ingredients: fresh, dried, jam, kernel oilFull guide →
Guava
Guava

Fragrant guava with chaat masala.

Key ingredients: fresh, chaat, juice
Dates
Dates

Sweet dates from Sindh.

Key ingredients: fresh, milk, sweetsFull guide →

Dish guides from Pakistan

Explore Pakistan on Geographical EffectMaps, capital and cities, population, climate, landscapes and landmarks.

More cuisines of Southern Asia

About this page

Descriptions written by Intercontinental Chef. Dishes are listed as commonly eaten today; many are shared across neighbouring countries.

Photo credits
  • "Hyderabadi Dum Biryani": Mahi Tatavarty, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Nalli Nihari India: Nilanjan Sasmal, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Pakistani Haleem served with garnish: Halt123halt, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Chicken Korma: Miansari66, CC0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Koofteh tabrizi: Fabienkhan, CC BY-SA 2.5 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Chapli Kebab: Murcotipton, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Chole Bhature from Nagpur: Dheerajk88, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Triangle paratha (cropped): Nithyasrm, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Salt lassi: Raksanand, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Samosas, snack food at Wikipedia's 16th Birthday celebration in Chittagong (01): Moheen Reeyad, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Pani Puri1: Sruthi612, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Dahi puri, Doi phuchka: Rupamdas75, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Dahi bhalla or dahi wada or dahi bada: Akshay Sanjay Agrawal, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Bun Kabab: LunaticFringe97, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Прилепска јанија - лута јавнија (cropped): АннаМариа (original image); derived version by Off-shell, CC BY 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Kachumber Salad: Miansari66, CC0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Cucumber-raita: Sonia Goyal, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Annapurna Naan: snowpea&bokchoi, CC BY 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • 2020-05-08 19 34 28 Chapati being made in a pan in the Franklin Farm section of Oak Hill, Fairfax County, Virginia: Famartin, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Chole Kulcha Meal - Order Food Online in Mumbai (31013272937): Gaurav Nemade, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Sheermal bread made in Iran: Mkavani75, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Makki Di Roti: Vsigamany, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Gulab-jamun-wallpaper-1: Sapra5379, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Kheer: stu spivack, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Basavanagudi Kadalekai Parishe (2025) Bangalore (86): Gpkp, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Matka kulfi: Commoner247, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Sheer Khurma: Muhammad Adnan Asim linkadnan from North Nazimabad, Karachi 74700 ( Sindh ), Pakistan, CC BY 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Chai In Sakora: Dadhichbittu007, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • The Great Kashmiri Salt tea: Jamee937, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Eine Flasche Rooh Afza: Muffingg. Original uploader was Muffingg at de.wikipedia, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Sugarcanejuice: Food Trails, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Mangos - single and halved: Ivar Leidus, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Harvest Kinnow: SirSadiq at en.wikipedia, CC BY 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Apricot jam: Rita, CC0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Guava pink fruit: Ivar Leidus, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Dates005: Nepenthes, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)