Croissant
A flaky, buttery crescent with a honeycomb of crisp layers inside. It is the icon of the French breakfast table.

Croissant-Petr Kratochvil: Petr Kratochvil, CC0 (Wikimedia Commons)
Where it comes from
The croissant is a laminated pastry that took its modern form in France in the early twentieth century, building on an Austrian crescent-shaped pastry tradition. Today bakeries around the world make it daily.
Explore the cuisine of France.
Recipe
Make Croissant at home
Ingredients
- 4 cups (500 g) bread flour
- 1/3 cup (65 g) sugar
- 2 tsp (7 g) instant yeast
- 2 tsp salt
- 1 1/4 cups (300 ml) cold milk
- 1 cup plus 2 tbsp (250 g) cold unsalted butter, in one flat block
- 1 egg beaten with 1 tbsp milk, for glaze
How it's made
- Mix flour, sugar, yeast, salt and milk into a smooth dough. Knead briefly, wrap and chill 1 hour.
- Shape the cold butter into a 7-inch (18 cm) square between sheets of parchment.
- Roll the dough into a 14-inch (36 cm) square, place the butter diagonally in the center and fold the corners over to enclose it.
- Roll out to a long rectangle and fold in thirds like a letter. Chill 30 minutes. Repeat the roll and fold two more times, chilling each time.
- Roll the dough to 1/8 inch (4 mm) thick, cut long triangles and roll each from the wide end to the tip.
- Place on trays, curve into crescents, and let rise at room temperature until puffy, 1 1/2 to 2 hours.
- Brush with egg wash and bake at 400 F (200 C) for 15 to 18 minutes until deep golden.
Variations
- Pain au chocolat: roll two chocolate batons into a rectangle of dough.
- Almond croissant: fill with almond cream and top with sliced almonds.
- Ham and cheese croissant: a savory sandwich-style filling.
Cook’s tip: Keep the dough and butter cold at every stage; if the butter softens and smears, chill the dough before rolling again.
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About this page
Description and method written by Intercontinental Chef. Home-style method; quantities are a starting point, so adjust to taste.
Photo credit
- Croissant-Petr Kratochvil: Petr Kratochvil, CC0 (Wikimedia Commons)
