Food of Finland

Finnish cooking is simple, honest and seasonal, built on rye, potatoes, fish, dairy, forest berries and mushrooms. Rye bread, creamy soups, salmon and pastries fill the table, while coffee and a sweet bun are an everyday pause. Karelian dishes from the east add rice pasties and savory pies.

National dish

Karjalanpiirakka

Staples

  • rye
  • potatoes
  • salmon
  • fish
  • dairy
  • berries
  • mushrooms
  • oats

Signature flavors

  • dill
  • allspice
  • white pepper
  • cardamom
  • juniper
  • chives

Main dishes

Karelian pasty
Karelian pasty

A thin rye pastry filled with rice porridge, served with egg butter.

Key ingredients: rye flour, rice, milk, eggs, butterFull guide →
Lohikeitto
Lohikeitto

Creamy salmon soup with potatoes, leeks and dill.

Key ingredients: salmon, potatoes, leeks, cream, dill
Karjalanpaisti
Karjalanpaisti

Karelian stew of pork and beef slow-cooked with onions and allspice.

Key ingredients: pork, beef, onion, allspice, bay leaf
Makaronilaatikko
Makaronilaatikko

A baked macaroni and ground meat casserole in egg custard.

Key ingredients: macaroni, ground beef, eggs, milk, onion
Lihapullat

Finnish meatballs in cream gravy with potatoes and lingonberry jam.

Key ingredients: ground meat, breadcrumbs, cream, allspice
Kalakukko
Kalakukko

A rye-crust loaf filled with fish and pork, baked until tender.

Key ingredients: rye dough, vendace or perch, pork belly
Poronkaristys
Poronkaristys

Sauteed reindeer with mashed potatoes and lingonberries from Lapland.

Key ingredients: reindeer, butter, onion, lingonberries, mash
Lanttulaatikko
Lanttulaatikko

A creamy baked rutabaga casserole.

Key ingredients: rutabaga, cream, nutmeg, breadcrumbs
Savusilakka
Savusilakka

Smoked herring or whitefish eaten with potatoes.

Key ingredients: smoked fish, potatoes, butter

Breakfast

Kaurapuuro
Kaurapuuro

Hot oat porridge with berries or jam.

Key ingredients: oats, milk, berries
Rye sandwich
Rye sandwich

Dense rye bread topped with butter, cheese and cucumber.

Key ingredients: rye bread, butter, cheese
Rieska
Rieska

A soft flatbread of barley or potato.

Key ingredients: barley flour, potato, butter

Street food

Lihapiirakka
Lihapiirakka

A deep-fried meat pie with mustard and ketchup, served at market stalls.

Key ingredients: dough, ground meat, rice, onion
Muikku

Tiny crispy fried fish eaten at lakeside markets.

Key ingredients: vendace, rye flour, butter
Grillimakkara

A grilled sausage, ideal for outings and summer cottages.

Key ingredients: sausage, mustard, bread

Soups

Kesakeitto
Kesakeitto

A summer vegetable soup of new potatoes, carrots and peas in milk.

Key ingredients: new potatoes, carrots, peas, milk
Hernekeitto
Hernekeitto

A thick yellow pea soup, traditionally served on Thursdays.

Key ingredients: yellow peas, ham, onion, marjoram

Salads

Rosolli
Rosolli

A ruby-red salad of beets, potatoes, carrots and pickles.

Key ingredients: beets, potatoes, carrots, pickled cucumber, cream
Kurkkusalaatti

Sliced cucumber in vinegar, a typical side.

Key ingredients: cucumber, vinegar, sugar, dill

Breads

Ruisleipa
Ruisleipa

The signature Finnish sour rye bread.

Key ingredients: rye flour, sourdough, salt
Pulla
Pulla

Cardamom-scented braided sweet bread.

Key ingredients: wheat flour, cardamom, butter, milk, sugar

Desserts and sweets

Mustikkapiirakka
Mustikkapiirakka

A pie full of fresh forest blueberries.

Key ingredients: blueberries, sugar, pastry
Runebergin torttu
Runebergin torttu

A small cylindrical cake with almond, raspberry jam and sugar icing.

Key ingredients: almond, jam, breadcrumbs, sugar
Korvapuusti

The Finnish cinnamon roll, a favorite with coffee.

Key ingredients: cardamom dough, cinnamon, sugar, butter
Leipajuusto
Leipajuusto

A squeaky baked fresh cheese served warm with cloudberry jam.

Key ingredients: cheese, cloudberry jam
Mansikkakakku
Mansikkakakku

A sponge cake with cream and fresh strawberries.

Key ingredients: sponge, cream, strawberries

Drinks

Kahvi
Kahvi

Finns drink more coffee per person than almost anyone; it is lightly roasted and served all day.

Key ingredients: coffee
Mustikkakeitto
Mustikkakeitto

Warm blueberry drink for winter.

Key ingredients: blueberries, sugar, starch
Kalja

A mildly sweet traditional malt drink with no alcohol.

Key ingredients: malt, water, sugar
Piimä

A tangy cultured buttermilk.

Key ingredients: buttermilk

Fruits and produce

Cloudberries
Cloudberries

Golden berries from northern bogs.

Key ingredients: jam, cheese, ice cream
Lingonberries
Lingonberries

Tart red berries served with meat.

Key ingredients: jam, juice
Blueberries
Blueberries

Wild blueberries.

Key ingredients: pie, soup
Sea buckthorn
Sea buckthorn

Tart orange berries rich in vitamin C.

Key ingredients: juice, jam
Rowan berries
Rowan berries

Bitter-sweet red berries used in jellies.

Key ingredients: jelly

Dish guides from Finland

Explore Finland on Geographical EffectMaps, capital and cities, population, climate, landscapes and landmarks.

More cuisines of Northern Europe

About this page

Descriptions written by Intercontinental Chef. Dishes are listed as commonly eaten today; many are shared across neighbouring countries.

Photo credits
  • Karjalanpiirakka-20060227: Jarno Elonen, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Finland salmonsoup 01: aiko99ann, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Karelskastek1: Sari Moo, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Soijamakaronilaatikko: Tommi Nummelin, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Kalakukko (opened): Rst2000, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Poronkäristys: Htm, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Lanttulaatikko: Terry Majamaki, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Arbroath Smokies - geograph.org.uk - 481678: Anne Burgess, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Oatmeal (1): Renee Comet (Photographer), Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Market Bread, Riga, Latvia: Ken Eckert, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Ruisleipä-limppu reikäleipä reissumies hapankorppu-1: Hellahulla (Hellahulla), CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Lihapiirakka: Mika (Mika83), Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Kesäkeitto DSC04420 C: Anneli Salo, CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Hernekeitto: User:Opalaisen, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Rosolli 2: Tiia Monto, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Cardamom bread: Julia, CC BY 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Blueberry Pie with Almond Crumb Topping, May 2009: Kelly Sue DeConnick, CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Runebergintorttu: Picture: Ville KoistinenModified by -Majestic-, CC BY 2.5 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Leipäjuusto cheese with cloudberry jam: Teemu Rajala, CC BY 2.5 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Strawberry layer cake: Dennis Sylvester Hurd, CC0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Latte and dark coffee: Bex Walton, CC BY 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Blåbärssoppa: Dnor, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Rubus chamaemorus, from Tromsø, August 2020: Moravice, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Vaccinium vitis-idaea 20060824 003: Jonas Bergsten, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Blueberries: The original Uploader was Oven Fresh at English Wikipedia, Public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Hippophae rhamnoides-01 (xndr): No machine-readable author provided. Svdmolen assumed (based on copyright claims)., CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
  • Rowanberries in late August 2004 in Helsinki: Taken by me, Jonik, on August 25, 2004., CC BY-SA 2.0 (Wikimedia Commons)